Yup. If, for example, you're designing a deep space mission, where every gram counts, there's a conversation to be had about whether it's cost effective (and appropriate risk) to send nuclear reactors and fuel aboard those spacecraft.

Or using modern engineering, whether an aircraft carrier should be powered by nuclear fission or internal combustion of hydrocarbons.

That's true, but there is far more energy to gain by fusing hydrogen compared to carbon. I'm not sure how it compares to uranium though. I suspect it might be similar. (I mean, obviously in practice you wouldn't / couldn't actually get the energy from fusing carbon - but we can still compare hypothetically. ... also, I'm sure we could get a clear answer by looking it up; but this is one of those things where thinking about it is probably more interesting than knowing the answer.)