The landmark youth-led climate lawsuit Juliana v. United States has come to a close without ever seeing a trial. The case, filed in 2015 by Our Children’s Trust on behalf of 21 youth plaintiffs, faced 10 years of opposition from the federal government because it argued that the U.S. government violated young people’s constitutional rights to life, liberty, and property through its unwavering support of the fossil fuel industry. Ultimately, the Department of Justice successfully pushed back against the plaintiffs’ efforts. On March 24, the Supreme Court denied the plaintiff’s petition for review, upholding the lower court’s 2024 decision to throw out the case.
“It’s the end of the case, but it’s not the end of the movement,” said Michael Burger, the executive director of the Sabin Center for Climate Change Law at Columbia Law School. Burger told Prism that Juliana stood at the “forefront of a global phenomenon of youth-led climate litigation,” preceding other lawsuits based on state constitutions that would see success, including Held v. Montana and Navahine v. Hawai’i. In 2023, a Montana judge ruled that the state must consider climate impacts when permitting new fossil fuel projects, and in 2024, Hawai’i reached an agreement to decarbonize its transportation sector.
Three presidential administrations—Obama, Trump, and Biden—challenged Juliana, but never on the substance of its claims. Administrations argued that courts weren’t the place to write policy, that the government would be irreparably harmed from a trial, and that there are no explicit provisions in the U.S. Constitution that guard against impacts of climate change. Lawyers for the plaintiffs disagreed, basing the suit on what’s known as the Public Trust Doctrine, which requires that governments protect natural resources for the enjoyment and use of the public. The case sought declaratory relief from the court, which is a statement addressing the constitutionality of a policy that could then trigger policy changes from legislative bodies and federal and state agencies. A well-known example of declaratory judgment that led to broad changes is Brown v. Board of Education.
The government’s successful repudiation of Juliana raises questions about the efficacy of pursuing climate action through the judiciary, especially when the defendant is the government itself rather than corporations. But Burger told Prism that there’s much to be gleaned from Juliana.
“I think that this case has served as a model of a type of lawsuit that seeks to hold national or state governments accountable and to increase the ambition of government climate commitments by relying on legal claims and narratives grounded in youth, in climate science, in the impacts of climate change,” Burger said.
Earlier this week, Prism’s environmental justice reporter ray levy uyeda spoke with Juliana plaintiff Sahara Valentine via video call about the significance of Juliana v. United States, what they’ve learned from a decade of climate organizing in the legal realm, and what’s next.
maybe you can be skeptical of the data source--but i think it is fairly reasonable to conclude, at this point, that trying to ditch DEI to placate conservatives has at the very least not helped Target