Ukraine

It is easy to tell when Air Defenses are too shitty to stop enemy incursions, but don't let the severity of failure here of Air Defenses slip by as a mere unavoidable accident or something.

In the end the hardest part about Air Defense is not just turning the sky above you into a hostile place for all aircraft including your own. This is precisely what russia has done, and strategic benefits for Ukraine from russia doing so are numerous, spontaneous and self generating.

Actual Air Defense requires basically a university degree in how to run missile systems and understand how to monitor a friendly air space and identify hostile aircraft.

There are consequences to allowing drunk idiots to control antiaircraft missiles...

edit to be factual, russia does sort of have its own class of Air Defense crews that are actually well trained but I simply don't see evidence those people are still around in any significant number manning Air Defense systems day to day in russia. This kind of shit wouldn't happen otherwise and you would think russia might be actually able to defend its skies if trained Air Defense crews were actually deployed in any great number the way russia claims they are on paper.