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"Recommended System Requirements" for buying a used PC for selfhosting (lemmy.blahaj.zone)

submitted 2 days ago by sem@lemmy.blahaj.zone to c/selfhosted@lemmy.world

17 comments fedilink hide all child comments

I'm ready to graduate from my Raspberry Pi era of selfhosting and buy hardware specifically for use as a server.

I've been recommended in the past to look for used Lenovo Thinkstations and/or Dell Optiplex, but it has been so many years since I've shopped for a computer, I don't know what kind of specs to look for. What are the types of specs I should look for to get the best value for money?

I'm hoping to spend around $300-400, get something that can be upgraded in the future to last 10+ years, and do the following things:

YUNoHost / reverse proxy
Nextcloud with a custom domain for email addresses, cloud drive, photos
Music Streaming with something like Navidrome
Serve static websites
pi-Hole
Maybe pi-VPN

And someday maybe:

Host game servers like minecraft
Jellyfin for videos
Kodi and output to TV?

So far based on my selfhosted journey, I expect to want the following:

Room for 3+ Hard Drives
External UPS (probably will go with the cheap APC at Microcenter that's always on sale).
Solid Power Supply / Cooling
probably 1000 gigabit Networking (?)

The types of questions I have for Thinkstations / Optiplex:

How is the Power Supply / Cooling?
Processor? Do I need i5? i7? Generations? AMD? Clock Speed? I'm completely lost here.
How much RAM do I need?
Do I need a discrete graphics card? Can Thinkstations / Optiplex have a graphics card added to them later?
Anything else I'm missing?

Thanks!

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[–] rumba@lemmy.zip 2 points 17 hours ago

Choosing the right hardware is complicated. If you are transcoding 4K video on jellyfin you probably want a Nvidia 1080 or higher video card.

If you're running Intel, 10th gen and higher with internal graphics has some pretty good encoding efficiency so you consume less power for a lot more work done.

I'm still rocking a 7th gen i7 with a 2070 super. It still gets the job done for me.