Kinda silly to be using the Western state funded media BBC, a glorified propaganda outlet, as a genuine source on China (they have been known to tell literal lies and forge information about China).

Either way, you're correct, it isn't charity, countries don't work that way. It isn't a debt trap either though, the loans don't come with the excessive interest rates Western Loans do, and don't come with requirements to privatize nationalized resources like Oil for foregin plundering like Western Loans do. On top of this, Chinese loans are frequently forgiven.

Why are they doing it? To build up customers as an alternative to US consumers. They want allies and people who will buy their stuff that aren't constantly threatening war.

Waiting for international cooperation to soley benefit the party recieving it, ie charity, as the only legitimate form of cooperation and all else exploitation is hopelessly naive.

Your mistake here (apart from taking billionaire owned CIA financed BBC seriously) is assuming that since China is benefiting from this therefore the other countries must be losing to compensate. That's wholly incorrect.

These projects industrialize and develop the partner countries, which help them capture more of the added value of what they sell and improve standards of living for the populations.

You also misunderstand what China want from giving all these loans. China isn't doing that to get land right and ownership, it they wanted that, it would be much simpler and much easier to just buy them. No, what China wants from this is markets. Every time they make it easier to transport goods by helping build railways or roads, every time they help create jobs by building factories, every time they improve standards of living with new hospital and infrastructure, it makes more peoples becoming able to buy what China sells, more businesses that China can invest in, and it makes countries want to continue have good relations with them, which means potential for trade agreement, lesser tariffs, potential alliances, and more. That is what China is doing all of this for, as long as they get it -which they are- they couldn't care less if they don't get the loan money paid back.

The loans China is giving these countries are in Euros or USD, not in Chinese currency. Why? Because it's risk free this way. Compared to what China gets from their gargantuan trade surplus with the west, the loan money they are giving is basically nothing to them. No, really. Take the price of any one thing China has given loan money for, I can guaranty it costed them no more than what they get out of a measly few days of trade with the Eurozone alone, if even that. It's not a big deal to them if they lose that money, they'll have made it back by the week after they lent it, probably sooner. Which is why, contrary to what you may have read, China very often forgive these loans i.e. the countries who got lent the money don't have to pay anything back.

The main goal of BRI is to usurp the USD and dominate supply chains and resources.

Right, the communist anti-imperialists are trying to be the new imperialists, you see.