Go

Re-familiarizing myself with Go. The solution to Part 2 is fairly simply, the whole packing of the sequence into a single integer to save on memory was an optimization I did afterwards based on looking at other solutions. I thought it was cool.

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

type SequenceMap struct {
	Data map[int32]int
}

func PackSeq(numbers [4]int8) int32 {
	var packed int32
	for i, num := range numbers {
		packed |= int32(num+9) << (i * 5)
	}
	return packed
}

func UnpackSeq(packed int32) [4]int8 {
	var numbers [4]int8
	for i := range numbers {
		numbers[i] = int8((packed>>(i*5))&0x1F) - 9
	}
	return numbers
}

func NewSequenceMap() SequenceMap {
	return SequenceMap{make(map[int32]int)}
}

func (m *SequenceMap) Increment(seq [4]int8, val int) {
	pSeq := PackSeq(seq)
	acc, ok := m.Data[pSeq]
	if ok {
		m.Data[pSeq] = acc + val
	} else {
		m.Data[pSeq] = val
	}
}

func (m *SequenceMap) Has(seq [4]int8) bool {
	pSeq := PackSeq(seq)
	_, ok := m.Data[pSeq]
	return ok
}

type Generator struct {
	Secret         int64
	LastPrice      int8
	ChangeSequence []int8
}

func NewGenerator(Secret int64) Generator {
	var ChangeSequence []int8
	return Generator{Secret, int8(Secret % 10), ChangeSequence}
}

func (g *Generator) Mix(value int64) *Generator {
	g.Secret = g.Secret ^ value
	return g
}

func (g *Generator) Prune() *Generator {
	g.Secret = g.Secret % 16777216
	return g
}

func (g *Generator) Next() {
	g.Mix(g.Secret * 64).Prune().Mix(g.Secret / 32).Prune().Mix(g.Secret * 2048).Prune()
	Price := int8(g.Secret % 10)
	g.ChangeSequence = append(g.ChangeSequence, Price-g.LastPrice)
	g.LastPrice = Price
	if len(g.ChangeSequence) > 4 {
		g.ChangeSequence = g.ChangeSequence[1:]
	}
}

func ParseInput() []int64 {
	if fileInfo, _ := os.Stdin.Stat(); (fileInfo.Mode() & os.ModeCharDevice) != 0 {
		fmt.Println("This program expects input from stdin.")
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)

	var numbers []int64
	for scanner.Scan() {
		line := scanner.Text()
		num, err := strconv.ParseInt(line, 10, 64)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("ERROR PARSING VALUE: %s\n", line)
			os.Exit(1)
		}
		numbers = append(numbers, num)
	}

	return numbers
}

func main() {
	numbers := ParseInput()

	m := NewSequenceMap()
	sum := int64(0)

	for i := 0; i < len(numbers); i += 1 {
		g := NewGenerator(numbers[i])
		tM := NewSequenceMap()
		for j := 0; j < 2000; j += 1 {
			g.Next()
			if len(g.ChangeSequence) == 4 {
				if !tM.Has([4]int8(g.ChangeSequence)) {
					tM.Increment([4]int8(g.ChangeSequence), 1)
					if g.LastPrice > 0 {
						m.Increment([4]int8(g.ChangeSequence), int(g.LastPrice))
					}
				}
			}
		}
		sum += g.Secret
	}

	fmt.Printf("Part One: %d\n", sum)

	var bestSeq [4]int8
	bestPrice := 0
	for pSeq, price := range m.Data {
		if price > bestPrice {
			bestPrice = price
			bestSeq = UnpackSeq(pSeq)
		}
	}

	fmt.Printf("Part Two: %d\n", bestPrice)
	fmt.Printf("Best Sequence: %d\n", bestSeq)
}