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[newbie] Can I specify what subset of errors a function can return? (lemmy.ml)

submitted 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago) by gomp@lemmy.ml to c/rust@lemmy.ml

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I have two functions that are similar but can fail with different errors:

#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
enum MyError {
  #[error("error a")]
  MyErrorA,
  #[error("error b")]
  MyErrorB,
  #[error("bad value ({0})")]
  MyErrorCommon(String),
}

fn functionA() -> Result<String, MyError> {
  // can fail with MyErrorA MyErrorCommon
  todo!()
}

fn functionB() -> Result<String, MyError> {
  // can fail with MyErrorB MyErrorCommon
  todo!()
}

Is there an elegant (*) way I can express this?

If I split the error type into two separate types, is there a way to reuse the definition of MyErrorCommon?

(*) by "elegant" I mean something that improves the code - I'm sure one could define a few macros and solve that way, but I don't want to go there

edit: grammar (rust grammar)

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[–] TehPers@beehaw.org 6 points 1 year ago

You can't create a subset of an enum directly, but splitting this up into multiple types works. You can have FunctionAError with errors that function can produce and a variant for your common errors, and FunctionBError which is similar:

#[derive(Debug, Error)]
enum MyErrorCommon {
    #[error("bad value ({0})")]
    MyErrorCommon(String),
}

#[derive(Debug, Error)]
enum FunctionAError {
    #[error("error a")]
    MyErrorA,
    Common(#[from] MyErrorCommon),
}

// and same for FunctionBError

The try operator (?) will automatically use From impls to convert errors for you as well. If a function returns a result containing MyErrorCommon in your function and you use ? on it, it gets converted to that function's error type for you. thiserror generates the From impl for you if you use #[from].